Conflict Resolution Paper Essay

Individuals manage strife consistently and can pick how they handle the circumstance on their own terms. When managing a learning group in a school setting, one must depend on their colleagues to achieve their objectives. During the term of the course the group may experience gives that will neutralize them in acquiring their objectives, for example, absence of correspondence, individual interferences, absence of responsibility to the next colleagues, and absence of pledge to the task. At the point when these sorts of contentions emerge in the study hall the colleagues need to utilize certain peace making methods, utilize their individual qualities and in the end go to a choice as a group. The Conflict On occasion one may experience the non-participator in the gathering. The non-participator is one who ignores their obligations to work with the group (Engleberg and Wynn, 2010). A learning group taking part in a course at University of Phoenix had a gathering paper that should have been finished. In any case, not all colleagues were effectively taking an interest. Most of the gathering needed to begin the task in week three except for one person. The gathering utilized each resourceâ€such as the learning group discussion, the telephone, and messages on their UOPX and individual record to contact the person. By the center of week three the group reached the teacher to educate her about the need regarding correspondence. Two or after three days, the teacher informed the gathering that she had not gotten an answer from the missing colleague. The circumstance got basic to where the educator needed to set aside effort to contact enlistment to check whether the missing colleague had dropped the class. It worked out that the understudy was selected. The group was in a frenzy to make an alternate course of action to figure out who might get the missing member’s parcel. This put superfluous focus on the gathering as a result of the absence of correspondence and cooperation. The day preceding the task was expected the missing colleague reached the gathering expressing that his bit would be put together by the morning of the due date. The late reaction was discourteous considering another individual from the gathering was going to begin the missing segment, alongside finishing the last updates. The gathering got a lower grade in light of the fact that the paper was inadequate in meaningfulness and stream. The gathering was not satisfied with the outcomes. One more group venture was expected before the finish of the course, and the group would not like to experience a similar issue on the last undertaking. The group returned to the learning group contract as a technique for upholding the guidelines. Compromise Groups experience strife inside and between groups. At the point when superior work groups experience strife, they handle it such that assists work with joining relations and advance positive change. Utilizing successful peace making methods is the most important goals for the group. The gathering concurred that positive strategies ought to be utilized. The main procedure is to comprehend the underlining underlying driver of the contention. Speaking with each other about the current issue permitted everybody to push ahead in a goals to the contention as a group. When the group consented to understanding what the issue was, the group conceded to a chance to be marked into a gathering conversation discussion to take a shot at the goals. Next, the group spoke with one another about the contention conversation subject and concentrated on the thoughts brought fourth as opposed to who was introducing them. This center was significant in light of the fact that it permitted the colleagues to feel certain with communicating singular issues and permitted individuals to look for different member’s perspectives (Belgard, Fisher, and Rayner, 1995). One of the most significant methods was participating in listening effectively and sympathetically. By tuning in to different individuals the gathering could expand on the groups shared objectives and work through hard emotions, which had been meddling with a relational relationship inside the group. At the point when strife strategies are all around dealt with, a very positive and gainful impact can empower the group to cultivate proceeded with upgrades. Finding out about clash and refereeing procedures is very important to associations, groups, and people. Clashes happen at all degrees of interactionâ€at work, among companions, inside families, and between relationship accomplices. On the off chance that it is dealt with well, clash can be gainful, prompting further understanding and common regard. End Groups travel through different stages all through the timetable of a task. As they move from the framing stage to the second phase of raging, it is imperative to the accomplishment of the group that they use compromise methodologies in the event that they are going to move to the norming arrange and be effective. The group was attempting to work through the contention of being not able to convey regardless of numerous endeavors by the group. They used positive correspondence compromise strategies to comprehend and work through the issue. The group checked on their contract and focused on the significance of cooperating and imparting which cultivated a situation of common regard as opposed to slamming the partner that had not adequately conveyed in the initial three weeks. Because of the issues, they eventually turned their piece of the task in late. Through the 4 R’s (Wynn, 2012): Reason-recognizing the purposes behind the contention. The group worked through the contention by trying to comprehend. They reached the colleague had not been conveying and tried to comprehend the issue utilizing a positive methodology. Response guaranteeing that in the idea of collaboration, they stay fair-minded. The group didn't accept the idea of the contention, and rather they kept on working through the issue until they found that the individual from the group that was inert. Results-by keeping up correspondence and a positive way to deal with the venture and checking the advancement, the group had the option to recognize at a basic point that one colleague was not imparting and was not exhibiting a push to add to the task. The group had the option to recognize this and work rapidly to determine the circumstance. The group kept on working through the issue until the colleague reached. The group made strides after this circumstance to audit as a group the sanction and guidelines for the group to forestall this issue in the following task. It is imperative to follow advance and keep up correspondence for progress. After the colleague was at long last reached, the last R, which is Resolution, was accomplished. References Belgard, W., Fisher, K., and Rayner, S. (1995). Tips for groups. New York, NY: McGraw Hill, Co.. Engleberg, I. N., and Wynn, D. R. (2010). Working in gatherings (fifth ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon.

Multicultural Issues in Counseling Essay Example for Free

Multicultural Issues in Counseling Essay In the field of advising and brain science, it is consistently essential that the guide comprehends the bind that the patient is confronting. This is on the grounds that, this patient is wanting help since the person isn't in a situation to do his exercises right. In this way for this situation it is essential that the supervisee and for this situation Ann has all the qualities that are required as this is the main way that she will have the option to help Donald. As Barratt, E. et al, (1997) in their examination discovered, it requires a decent compatibility between the guide and the patient for the patient to get significant treatment or help. This isn't the situation here as Donald is continually grumbling that Ann isn't giving him enough consideration. In genuine sense, it is the messed up compatibility that exists between them that is the issue. In the substance of my casual evaluation of Ann’s multicultural guiding abilities, I would plainly show that Ann does not have the fundamental and essential aptitudes that are vital for an advisor to execute their obligations. I comprehend that the principle purpose behind this is where Ann has developed. She has experienced childhood in a region where there are no blended races. This created in her restricted socialization aptitudes when managing individuals. This is her new connection with an individual from an alternate race and because of this; it turns out to be exceptionally hard for her to manage the patient. As Gladwell, (2007) contends, it requires an instructor to have great correspondence and socialization abilities with the goal that the individual can have the option to help a patient. What's more, the guide ought to comprehend that the patient isn't in the correct temper. The instructor ought not give the remarks that the patient gives a similar load as the manner in which the individual in question would if the individual was in the correct attitude. These are a portion of the essential properties, which Ann needs, and I would remember this for my casual evaluation report. As indicated by Dinn, W. et al, (2000), checking the degree of mindfulness has its premise on how well one executes the obligations appointed to the person in question. For this situation, Donald is whining that he is needs fitting consideration and accordingly he is mulling over on halting treatment. Then again, Ann is guaranteeing that she has done all that she could so to support the patient. This is a reasonable sign that Ann is surrendering. The patient is as of now miserable and the specialist or the instructor can just resuscitate his expectation. In the event that the guide loses trust, it implies that there is zero chance of recuperating. It is likewise an away from of absence of duty and target by the instructor. The degree of Ann’s mindfulness is along these lines extremely low. The explanation is that she isn't completely mindful that she is the instructor and that the patient actually needs her help. She appears to overlook her job in the entire procedure, which is to enable the patient to recoup. Moreover, Ann is whining that Donald is over-subject to her. She completely comprehends that Donald is experiencing Schizophrenia and reliance is normal. This is a reasonable sign that Ann happen to have restricted information on the suitable treatment mediations. For example, it would be crazy for a specialist to gripe that the person in question is experiencing a great deal of blood when the individual in question completely realizes that this will be unavoidable. In the event that we get such a grumbling, it is a reasonable sign that the individual has no or constrained information on what he is doing and what he should do. This is the situation occurring with Ann. Simultaneously, Ann is whining of not having a decent correspondence with the patient since he experiences issues communicating in English. As she was brought up in just a single locale, there are chances that she didn't have great socialization and relational abilities and most likely the issue isn't the English however the entrance which she is experiencing issues understanding. Taking everything into account, in my casual evaluation, I would unmistakably demonstrate that the issue here isn't the patient however Ann. She appears to come up short on the essential traits of an advocate. A decent guide ought to be dynamic in all the exercises that the person is doing. He ought not utilize a general stage to treat their patients. He should take every patient separately, get the person in question and receive an appropriate technique in treatment. This is something that Ann needs to enhance. She additionally needs introduction as she has next to no involvement with managing individuals. For example, she has constrained if any information and involvement in the African-American culture and this is credited to the manner in which she was raised. ? References Barratt, E. et al. (1997). Neuropsychological Cognitive Psychophysiological Substrates of Impulsive Aggression. Organic Psychiatry , 1045-60. Dinn, W. et al. (2000). Neurocognitive Function in Antisocial Personality Disorder. Psychiatry Research , 173-92. Gladwell, M. (2007). Flicker: Power of Thinking Without Thinking . Irwin: Back Bay Books .

Politics Security and Economic Development †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Politics Security and Economic Development. Answer: Presentation The report is about the contention on the formative state and notices the explanations behind monetary accomplishment in the Asia Pacific. The report incorporates the a few guides to clarify the contention obviously. It additionally incorporates the variables by which economy is effective in the formative state. How legitimate is the contention that the formative administration state is the fundamental driver for Economic achievement in the Asia Pacific? Bolster your answer with fitting models. For the universes economy, commonwealth and society globalization is an unavoidable pattern. Because of this inclination, the enthusiasm for worldwide administration has expanded. The most significant conversation over this degree is the connection between worldwide administration and state. Broad arranging and guideline is the key for the achievement of a state whether it is a work in progress stage or created. An articulation is applied from the other created nations by the analysts as a macroeconomics groundwork for the improvement of eastern Asia in the new period. The private enterprise model shows that the nation powers are in the hands of government as far as choices, cash and rights. Government chooses the designation and observing of the different exercises of the economy the board. The term has much of the time been utilized for the nations, which are outside from the Asia Pacific and satisfy the requirements of developed mainland (Castells, 2010). Chalmers Johnson who fundamentally conceptualizes the mainland at first presented this idea. He likewise engaged that this economy is having thought process towards progress, making required strides and making approaches the board to accomplish that objective. Perceived by Johnson (1982), in American writing formative state is thought about as fundamental forward leap on Northeast Asia. It is at first designed as an explanation of industrialization in Northeast Asia thinks formative state as a spot that is having a few assets and modest work, which will results to advance when capital is presented in this economy and political choices will liable for developments of money related life in entrepreneur upper east Asia (Cai, 2010). The formative state hypothesis is consequence of the watched data in different eastern nations However; formative state is certifiably not another idea. As an innovator in this extension, numerous researchers follow Johnson. The model of formative state has become the key stream explanation. Still there are a few inquiries exits on the structure of the formative state. Like, is the formative state support by explicit history and culture? What is as far as possible for formative state? Will the formative state information in East Asia be moved, etc? Whats extra, as a result of the pre speculation of state obstruction, the model of formative state is seen as a casual hypothesis somewhat contributing the snappy development to dynamic state activities that may not be genuine constantly, however in any event to some degree the truth (Beeson, 2014) A tyrant state oversees the country with the assistance of a few bodies, which principally controls the various territories liable for the development of a nation. It controls the market, trade framework, monitory framework and different exercises inside a nation. It likewise gives state funded training and national safeguard, which are impractical to work without guideline the board. Without this framework, there are odds of disappointment in the economy. To build up the economy and making it more grounded the formative state advances the new businesses and diminishes the removal explanation behind this moving of dare to different nations (Yahuda, 2011). The administration of formative state should concentrate on greater venture and welcomes the more industrialists to put resources into their state and help them in building the businesses in their state. It will influence the economy decidedly and creates the more chances of occupation in the economy to conquer business issue and better open doors for utilized populace. To keep up the steady large scale economy, it is critical to have coordinated effort between the significant enterprises and the state (according to Alice Amsdens the inclusion of the legislature in showcase like financing of appropriation to improve intensity of firm, wages and stop unscrupulous controlling of cost to cut down production cost. It is additionally essential for development of ventures and economy, and control of swapping scale, which is principally found in late industrializes nations. Much the same as case in Japan, there are slight government privileges of assembling part, however non-government segm ent is limited and carefully coordinated by elites bureaucratic bodies. (Chan, et. al., 2016). Official are not chosen these bureaucratic government elites and are subsequently matter to control through the business class and common laborers during the political technique. The rationale from this stance is that an administering organization are having the freedom to structure the budgetary framework or go over to long-standing across the country government aides with monetary procedures hindered through any working gathering or business bunch restricted interests. After the Second World War the East Asian economies has indicated fast development and turns into a perceptible concentration in scholastic for quite a while. There are a few significant attributes of the formative states administration in East Asia. Venture and benefits for the state is thoroughly rely upon their choice and approaches, which is made by the administration. There is significant conversation on advancement, need of industrialization and the contribution of the state to support it. What's more, it is where Japan and other eastern nations need behind western nations because of impact from untrustworthy gatherings results to expected and levelheaded advantages in Japan. (Evans, 2012) the little, best government is enrolled from the top positions of the top graduate school, the choice is completely founded on the national assessments designs and is unaltered by political decision results. The administration diagrams for all intents and purposes all mandates, laws, guidelin es, licenses and requests that standard society. Also, it has extra legitimate forces of managerial direction and is sensibly unreasonable in any methods by the lawful framework (Gereffi, et. al., 2014). A formative state connotes a sound government, which has enough force and assets to accomplish its formative objectives. According to a report discharged by the World Development, the establishment of a decent government is shaped by the effective flexibly of products and enterprises, for example, arrangements and associations. These assets acquire blast the business sectors and increment people groups living of gauges. It has been seen that todays dynamic world requests a vastly improved and pressing procedure of advancement (Leigh, and Blakely, 2016). Without formative express, the financial improvement of immature nations can't be envisioned. , Moreover, it is apparent that the underdeveloped countries have involved a huge region on the earth, which is probably going to frame a significant piece of things to come globalizing world in the closer future. In this way, the formative In this view, after the Second World War, a rapid development was seen in the greater part of the Asian organizations, for example, USA, Japan, China and Thailand. While USA is an administrative situated nation, Japan is a formative arranged country. These nations are a genuine case of Economic accomplishment because of formative states. In the course of recent decades, a portion of a definitive possibilities for financial achievement have likewise been found in Singapore, India, Taiwan, India, Malaysia, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Philippines. These countries have encountered from high to direct pace of advancement. Since 1980s, Thailand has been developed at twofold speed in greatest years (Beeson, 2014). Then again, China has been driving the globe regarding financial development and headway in numerous years since 2001. What's more, it is discovered that United Kingdom took around sixty years to speed the pace of its monetary advancement in the underlying time of Industrial unrest. T hen again, America took fifty years to turn out to be completely evolved state in the time of American monetary take-off in the late nineteenth century. At present, various nations can be seen boosting their formative expresses at regular intervals. Moreover, in a considerable lot of these Asian countries, not just the rich and prosperous individuals are getting more extravagant yet additionally the way of life of white collar class and needy individuals is expanding extraordinarily. In Thailand, the pace of neediness has declined from 1960s when in excess of 60% of the individuals were living underneath destitution line and enduring because of the absence of necessities. By 2004, the circumstance was improved and as indicated by the World Bank figures, this nation has demonstrated the most noteworthy record in limiting neediness and upgrading GDP rate over the globe in contrast with different nations (Chan et al., 2016). The Asian nations like Thailand, Singapore, and Japan have built up a solid government and effective pioneers who can contend with multinationals for securing and advancing their people groups intrigue. They have gotten effective in making and keeping up a string of long haul formative state development for the monetary turn of events. End The report reasons that there are different strategies by which monetary is fruitful in formative state. The report center around the approaches made by the administration that pulls in the huge industrializes to build up their industry in formative state. The administration concedes the auxiliary to the industrialist to draw in their state; it will help in improving the general public since it produces income and openings for work. The instances of Thailand, Japan and China are likewise remembered for the report for better understanding. References Beeson, M. (2014)Regionalism and globalization in East Asia: legislative issues, security and financial developme

Drug Use Among African-American Adolescent Females Essay

Medication Use Among African-American Adolescent Females - Essay Example What's more, substance use and misuse prompts less fortunate execution in school, untimely dropping out, lawful intricacies, and poor work openings. These are exactly the issues that a youthful African-American female is sick prepared to stand up to in this present reality where race and sexual orientation may as of now place them off guard. African-American youthful females have made incredible walks in standing up to tranquilize misuse, yet there are as yet a few hazard factors that they are routinely presented to. Substance misuse has been recognized as the country's main medical issue. It is basic to address the issue of young medication use as most clients start utilizing AOD before they turn 15 years of age (Lewis et al., 2002, p.15). For the reasons for this paper, a juvenile is an individual going to class in grades 13 through 18 years of age. Venturing and mediating into this age section is one of the keys to the accomplishment of stemming the tide of illicit drug use. It is quite applicable to comprehend the extent of the issue just as the triggers and stressors that may lead a youthful dark female to utilize medications or backslide after a treatment program. The practical expense to society makes it monetarily basic to mediate at a youthful age. An untreated medication issue costs society just about four fold the amount of as would be spent on a private treatment program (Lewis et al., 2002, p.56). There is additionally an incredible individual cost connected to the abuser of AOD. Phy sical wellbeing experiences the medications, yet in addition from poor dietary patterns and the pressure associated with the disgrace of medication use. The legitimate status of high schooler utilization of medications can decimate a little youngster's life by disturbing the instructive procedure and presenting them to other crime. While substance misuse is a significant danger to our general wellbeing, it is one that the country can't stand to disregard. Stressors that raise the danger of medication use are frequently not sexual orientation or race explicit, however there are some outstanding special cases. All in all, females in their high schooler years will in general utilize marginally less medications than their male partners. About 50 percent of people have attempted an illicit medication by their senior year of secondary school, and liquor is the most well known medication of decision followed by pot (Johnston, O'Malley, Bachman, and Schulenberg, 2007, p.115). Nonetheless, weed is the medication that is most routinely utilized, with 1 percent of eighth graders smoking it every day, and 5 percent of twelfth graders utilizing the medication day by day (Johnston et al., 2007, p.90). As opposed to the commonplace generalizing of the media, African-American adolescents utilize less medication and less regularly than their Caucasian or Hispanic accomplices (Johnston et al., 2007, p.132-135). This misperception might be because of th e solid relationship among's neediness and medication use, and the over-portrayal of African-Americans in the country's reformatory framework. Be that as it may, the insights unmistakably show that juvenile African-American females are one of the most reduced utilizing segment gatherings. There are a few compels that come to shoulder on youthful African-American ladies to start utilizing drugs. Having an open door past secondary school significantly affects an understudy's choice to defer testing and utilizing drugs. Cannabis use by eighth graders is 50 percent lower among the understudies who are anticipating going to a 4-year school (Johnston, et al., 2007,

Clone Detection in Object Oriented Systems

Clone Detection in Object Oriented Systems Program Slicing based Clone Detection in Object Oriented Systems Ishu Singla Rajesh Bhatia Abstract†Program cutting is an effective method for understanding projects by disentangling them. It is a program examination method that separates a specific arrangement of proclamations pertinent to any calculation. Throughout the previous 25 years, the procedure has discovered its application in various research territories like testing, investigating, support and so forth. In this paper, we have proposed a strategy to utilize this procedure for clone location in object situated projects. As program cutting focuses just on the pertinent part of the projects dependent on certain rules, this property can be used in clone discovery process. For this we have utilized Program Dependency Graphs as a moderate portrayal. These PDG’s are later used to separate isomorphic incomplete cuts lastly these cuts are coordinated to discover potential clones. Keywords†Partial Slices;PDG; Isomorphism. I. Presentation A code clone speaks to an arrangement of explanations that are copied in numerous areas of a program. Clones regularly emerge in source code because of various cut glue procedure on the source. Hence, Code cloning can be considered as the demonstration of duplicating code pieces and making minor, non-utilitarian adjustments in the executed code. Code cloning builds the support cost in such a case that there is a blunder in the code section to be duplicated, at that point that mistake will be spread at better places. Consequently, the typical working of the framework isn't influenced however further improvement may turn out to be restrictively costly [1][2]. Pre-preparing of the entire program is regularly not a decent decision while looking for clones. The program contains various unimportant proclamations, along these lines, pre-preparing will be a tedious procedure [1][3]. Additionally the methodology for discovering clones in procedural arranged and item situated projects is totally unique. Clone discovery in object arranged projects has various issues [15] and here and there follows diverse methodology. Choosing a specific arrangement of articulations from a huge program that contains proclamations applicable to a specific calculation is called program cutting. In this way, Program Slicing improves program understandability and discover its significance in various applications, for example, programming support, programming troubleshooting, testing and so on [3][5]. Various code clone recognition strategies have been proposed dependent on content, token, charts, trees and measurements [1]. Some different procedures dependent on models and some mixture methods have likewise been proposed [9][11]. The principle bit of leeway of utilizing program cutting is that we can discover the non-coterminous, interlaced code clones, where the coder changes a portion of the announcements and the remainder of the code stays unaltered in between[2][4]. II. DEFINITIONS Program cutting was initially presented by Weiser that characterizes program cutting as an examination strategy which removes the components of a program identified with a specific calculation. That arrangement of articulations all things considered called as program cut. Program cuts contains that pieces of a program that influences the qualities registered sooner or later of intrigue. Program cutting naturally breaks down program by deciding the information and control conditions [3][8]. A. Cutting CRITERION Cutting in program is constantly processed based on some cutting standard. We can speak to cutting model as , where S is the announcement from which the cut is to be processed and V is the variable for which the cut is to be registered and that variable must exist in the announcement S [8]. B. Information DEPENDENCY Explanation P is information subject to proclamation Q of a program if there exists a variable m at P which is gotten to likewise in articulation Q [6]. Think about the accompanying model, 1.x=10; 2.y=x+c; In explanation 1, we are appointing a worth 10 to x and in articulation 2, we are utilizing the estimation of x. Along these lines, there is an information reliance between the two explanations 1 and 2. C. CONTROL DEPENDENCY Articulation P is control reliant on explanation Q if and just if proclamation P controls the execution of articulation Q [6]. Think about the accompanying model, 1.if(statement 1) 2. proclamation 2; In the above model, proclamation 2 will be executed if explanation 1 outcomes in obvious worth. Accordingly, explanation 2 is control subject to proclamation 1. Figure. 1 stream diagram for program cutting based clone recognition. III. Clone Detection Using the Program Slicing in object situated projects Figure 1 shows the stream diagram for the clone recognition approach. The procedure begins by taking two example java programs. At that point, the pre-preparing of these projects is to be done, in which we evacuate the remarks and clear spaces. From that point, the .class records for the standardized example programs are created. After this, the Program Dependency Graphs (PDGs), based on control and information conditions, are resolved for the two projects. The program reliance diagram is spoken to as contiguousness grid as appeared in figure 2. It is a n*n lattice where n is the no of explanations in the standardized program. Each passage ‘1’ speaks to the information reliance between the two explanations decided from the line and segment of the lattice. Essentially, every passage 2 speaks to the control reliance between two explanations. Presently, by having a nearby glance at the nearness framework, it is very evident that the grid is inadequate in light of the fact that the event of zero is higher than the non-zero passages. So looking at the nearness lattices of the two projects can’t be an effective methodology. Along these lines, a calculation has been built up that decides the halfway cuts from the nearness network as records. In prior procedures for program cutting, the cutting model must be characterized physically to decide the cuts. However, in our methodology, the program cuts are resolved consequently based on the referenced calculation. Since, the cuts are separated beginning from the main proclamation, utilizing control and information conditions in the contiguousness framework. Figure 2. Case of Adjacency framework got from programs. A. Calculation for Program Slicing Info:- A control information reliance nearness grid mat[n][n] of size n*n where n is the no of articulations. Each section ‘1’ at record mat[i][j] shows that there is an information reliance between articulation I and j and each passage ‘2’ speaks to the control reliance between proclamation I and j. Yield:- Partial cuts in type of records The fractional cuts are extricated from the contiguousness lattice, which are as records. Once, the halfway cuts for the two java programs are resolved, we need to coordinate them utilizing a proficient coordinating calculation. In the event that there is cloning among the two source codes, at that point there must be a match between these incomplete cuts. The coordinating calculation will discover the degree of cloning between the two projects by looking at the halfway cuts lastly return level of cloning as result. IV. Related Work In most recent two decades, different calculations have been proposed for program cutting. All have its own focal points and inadequacies. In next segment, an outline of late research in the region of program cutting is given. Z. Guangquan et. al proposed a technique to cut the simultaneous article arranged projects. In this methodology the java simultaneousness model is utilized and conditions between the announcements are characterized. The paper presents the technique for extricating cutting basis from direct fleeting rationale property and proposes the means of processing cutting. Multithreaded reliance diagram is utilized for moderate portrayal. A Two-pass calculation dependent on Variable Cache Table is adjusted to process cuts by separating out the unimportant segments of the projects. Results show the fulfillment is ensured for source and cut program and the strategy can be effectively stretched out to deal with other simultaneousness models[7]. R. Komondoor et. al. proposed an instrument to recognize clones in C sections. In their methodology, they utilized program reliance charts and program cutting to discover isomorphic PDG subgraphs. These subgraphs can be spoken to as clones. This instrument is equipped for discovering non-nonstop clones, entwined clones and clones in which diverse variable names are utilized and articulations have been reordered. The methodology has been applied for the procedural situated projects and finds numerous variations of perfect clones. Various experiments exhibiting the utilization of approach on enormous projects have been demonstrated [4]. A. Surendran et. al. proposed an incomplete cutting methodology as a successful strategy for program testing. Fractional cuts are framed from the mix of static cuts and program focuses. Sometimes static cuts contains huge number of program explanations which are of little use in numerous handy applications. Halfway cutting expels the weakness of huge size of static cuts. In their methodology they utilize just static cuts for the calculation as static cuts give all conceivable execution ways. When contrasted with unique program there is a huge decrease in the quantity of articulations in static cuts utilizing fractional cutting. Utilizing the requirements of fractional cutting system testing is likewise streamlined. This methodology can likewise be utilized in troubleshooting, upkeep and discovering clones [10]. D. Liang et. al. introduced framework reliance diagram for object-arranged software’s. They have indicated that their methodology is more exact than past methodologies and is progressively effective to develop. It recognizes information individuals that fit for various items. It gives an approach to speak to information individuals that go about as parameters and the impacts of polymorphism on parameters and parameter ties. It presents an idea of article cutting which helps in analyze the announcements in cut item by object. Item cutting is acceptable procedure for troubleshooting and examination of enormous sc

Interview With Second-Year Student from Japan COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Interview With Second-Year Student from Japan COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog We rolled out more decisions yesterday but the Committee does still have work to do.   Decision notifications will definitely extend in to next week.   We are still deliberating on all three classes of admission offers:   admit, waitlist, and those we will be unable to offer admission to.   For those of you still waiting I know it is hard, but we are working as fast as we can. I thought I would take a break from pure admission entries and go with a recent interview today.   Enjoy. ______________________ Junji Koike MPA candidate 2011:   Second year student with a concentration on IFEP Junji Koike is originally from Japan. His undergraduate degree is from Keio University. After he earned his degree in Policy Management, he worked as a policy researcher in the Japanese think tank Nomura Research Institute. While working there, he got involved with projects related to public management, public finance and local government. He is planning to go back to Japan after SIPA. What attracted you to SIPA? Considering my background at Nomura Research Institute, SIPA was the ideal school. First, SIPA covers a broad range of issues related with public policies around the world. SIPA has helped me to explore interlinked public policy subjects by offering multiple kinds of lectures, seminars, and events. Secondly, many professors at SIPA are experienced professionals. I’ve taken lectures and seminars with public officials including the former Mayor of New York City and international bankers as well as well-known academics. These professionals have offered me very vivid practical knowledge as well as a unique academic perspective. Thirdly, the location of SIPA is excellent. Thanks to its location, I have the privilege of having lectures from world leaders, such as Bill Clinton and Kofi Annan, senior officers of the United Nations and New York City government, and various mass media pundits. What prepared you to come to SIPA? I often feel that my experience as a policy researcher have helped me to study and work with the other SIPA students, particularly, my public policy knowledge, my project management and data analysis skills, and my perspective as a Japanese researcher. What has been the most challenging part of your SIPA experience? Many classes at SIPA require group work. This semester I am working with four different groups. It is common that these assignments have the same or close deadlines. Additionally, working with people from different backgrounds is sometimes challenging in terms of arriving to an agreement. I actually appreciate this challenge because I’m learning a lot about international collaborations from these group projects. What kind of job would you like to get when you graduate? I have been working for around 10 years at Nomura Research Institute, which is sponsoring my master’s at SIPA. So I have to go back and work for them once I graduate. But, I am so excited to go back because I’ll be able to apply what I’ve learned in SIPA to my job. What advice would you give to a prospective student? I would say, “Open up your heart!” Faculty and students in SIPA have fascinating backgrounds and they are ready to make a difference to the world. I often feel unlimited possibilities from SIPA people. “Please don’t underestimate your neighbors in SIPA!”

The Dying Who Refuse to Bury the Dead The Virgin Suicides, the Limits of Consciousness, Death and Decay - Literature Essay Samples

We can’t know how another person feels. Perhaps, in an age of â€Å"empathy workshops,† this is a disappointment, but on a deeper level of human behavior it is probably both simultaneously a relief and a tragedy. Thank heavens, some may say, that we do not have a responsibility to the true experiences of others, that we do not have to be bothered, that it isn’t our problem. These limits of consciousness are an essential and seemingly untalked about component of the human experience that lead to all kinds of frustration and malcontent. The Virgin Suicides by Jeffrey Eugenides explores this unfortunate longing and the idea of â€Å"limits of consciousness† is a cornerstone of meaning in the novel.The Virgin Suicides is about five sisters who all eventually kill themselves. Except it isn’t. If that were true, the plot of the book would not be revealed in the first sentence (or the title). The story does recount the deaths of the Lisbon sisters, but the se girls are not the main characters and the story is not theirs. Death is prominent in the story, but the girls’ deaths are not what is being lamented. The death of a community, the death of a city, the death of a dream, and the death of a country loom over the pages of this book, making adolescent suicide look unimportant. The tale is truly about the faceless, nameless, numberless group of neighborhood boys who spend their lives obsessing over the Lisbon sisters both before and long after their demise. But, due to the limits of consciousness the boys cannot understand the girls or their situation until it is too late and even then, the deaths only cause an adolescent obsession to extend indefinitely. While the boys long to understand the Lisbons, the community ignores them. The few attempts to reach out to them after the death of their youngest sister are shallow and ineffective. The miserable tale takes place in a middle-class Detroit suburb during the 1970’s, a decaying bubble containing a close minded and cloistered community. This community is hell-bent on preserving the middle-class mundanity it holds dear and yet, it is in deep decay and it is the close-mindedness of the community, the inability to even try to stretch the limits of consciousness, this is the quality that rejects and isolates a grieving family like the Lisbons, and contributes to the decay that permeates the book; a dying organism attempting survival by collapsing in on itself. The Lisbon sisters were dying and a group of neighborhood boys couldn’t understand it until the girls’ deaths became the boys’ death sentences. The Lisbon sisters die and nobody wants to know about it becau se they cannot accept that, they too, are dying .The Virgin Suicides delves to the heart of American despair and tells us of the dying who refuse to bury the dead. Although the book begins (and ends) with Mary’s suicide, the second paragraph of the novel dives right into the first suicide attempt of Cecilia the youngest Lisbon and the first to commit suicide. In initial readings, as one slips into the story, it is easy to forget who the book is really about the boys but closer examination of this paragraph reveals less about Cecilia and more about others’ reactions to her and therefore is a microcosmic example of the hidden plot of the story. â€Å"Cecilia, the youngest, only thirteen, had gone first, slitting her wrists like a Stoic while taking a bath, and when they found her, afloat in her pink pool, with the yellow eyes of someone possessed and her small body giving off the odor of a mature woman, the paramedics had been so frightened by her tranquillity that t hey had stood mesmerized. But then Mrs. Lisbon lunged in, screaming, and the reality of the room reasserted itself: blood on the bath mat; Mr. Lisbons razor sunk in the toilet bowl, marbling the water.† (1) The paramedics’ reaction is peculiar. It is the job of a paramedic to rescue people who are in trouble. They rush around all day and see all kinds of strange and horrifying situations. They are trained to take immediate action. What kind of paramedic gets â€Å"mesmerized† by anything while on the job? And, why would anybody be â€Å"mesmerized† by the sight of a half-dead child? Would you not scream? Would you not try to help? Just as the boys, for the majority of the book remain oddly transfixed with the Lisbons, still obsessing and lusting after them when the girls are clearly mourning their family member and becoming increasingly isolated by their community and mother, the boys do not realize the truth of the situation until it is too late, and the paramedics, too, must be jolted to action by screams and blood. The situation has to â€Å"reassert† itself, which also makes no sense. The situation of a thirteen year old girl surrounded by her own blood is not a situation that should have to be reasserted. The situation of four grieving sisters being locked away in a dilapidated house with a potentially abusive mother is not a situation that should have to be reasserted. In this first chapter, it soon becomes clear to any reader that these boys are objectifying and projecting their own ideas and fantasies onto the Lisbon girls, and are unable to understand them because of this. Their observations are tinted with idealization and plainly concerning events are made unimportant. â€Å"[Mrs. Lisbon] checked each daughter for signs of makeup before allowing her to get in the car, and it was not unusual for her to send Lux back inside to put on a less revealing top. None of us went to church, so we had a lot of time to watch them, the two parents leached of color, like photographic negatives, and then the five glittering daughters in their homemade dresses, all lace and ruffle, bursting with their fructifying flesh.† (6) Here, also in the first few pages, the boys observe an extremely controlling mother (whose forceful nature only worsens as the novel progresses), but the boys are focused on how much they are able to watch them and â€Å"fructifying flesh.† Their behavior at Cecelia’s party is another example of this. After Cecelia attempts suicide unsuccessfully and Mr. and Mrs. Lisbon allow her to have a party, she is clearly still unwell. At the party, she is described as sitting off to the side and staring into her punch glass, still wearing her old wedding dress, with bracelets taped over her suicide scars â€Å"[acting] as if no one were there.† (24) This image seems like the epitome of what a person looks like right before they are about to commit suicide, which she does, in the middle of the party. The sentence following this description is â€Å"We knew to stay away from her.† (24) Up until Cecelia’s jump, the boys only talk about their excitement about the other Lisbon sisters, and whether or not the sisters are the s ame as they are in the boys’ â€Å"bedroom fantasies† and spend the party attempting to impress the girls by making fun of â€Å"Joe the Retard.† It’s clear to the reader that everything about the party is off, and indeed having a party when a family member has just attempted suicide is odd. But the boys do not acknowledge or even think about what the party could signify, when they receive their invitations all they can think about is how the girls had to think about them. The boys are obsessed with the girls, but their objectification and fantasizing gets in the way of them coming even close to understanding them, let alone helping them. This is significant, because in the wake of Cecilias death, while the boys remain obsessed with the sisters, the community isolates them. They act as if nothing is wrong. Cecilia’s death is marked in town records as an accident. The ways that the community does attempt to reach out, do not fully acknowledge the si tuation and are wholly ineffective. The boys think about nothing but the Lisbons, while the community tries to distract itself from them, but in the end, neither understand the Lisbons better than the other. This is why the examples of the boys allowing their fantasies of the girls to obstruct their understanding of the situation are significant, because if anyone could have understood the Lisbons, it would have been these boys; they spent their adolescence obsessing over them. But they couldn’t. That is the limits of consciousness. We will never understand each other. No matter what we do, something will get in the way. After Cecilia’s death, the Lisbons’ house fills with flowers. Everyone in the neighborhood sends them, along with sympathy cards. Hardly anyone goes to see the Lisbons. A few men and the priest, Father Moody, go, but end up talking with Mr. Lisbon about football. The flowers and cards are not genuine acknowledgements of tragedy as evidenced in the way the community strains over the m, â€Å"[m]ost people opted for generic cards that said ‘With Sympathy’ or ‘Our Condolences,’ but some [] labored over personal responses.† (45) The cards and flowers are customary, they send them because that is what they have always done when someone has died and they are motivated to send them because of personal appearances nobody wants to do what has not always been done: if you always have written personal responses then you must do that. Cecilia’s death creates a deep sense of urgency in the community the urgency for nothing to be urgent. Mrs. Lisbon also appears to feel this way, â€Å"[t]he girls didn’t miss a single day of classes, nor did Mr. Lisbon, who taught with his usual enthusiasm.† The girls don’t even get new school uniforms, and have to keep wearing the old ones that don’t fit. In describing the sisters at school, the narrators contradict themselves, â€Å"[t]heir recent shock was undetectabl e, but sitting down they left a folding seat empty as though saving it for Cecilia.† (61) There seems to be a determination to see the girls as being withdrawing, or unaffected, so that there’s an excuse not to reach out to them, to not understand. â€Å"Who knew what they were thinking or feeling? Lux still giggled stupidly, Bonnie fingered the rosary deep in the pocket of her corduroy skirt, Mary wore her suits that made her resemble the First Lady, Therese kept her protective goggles on in the halls—but they receded from us, from the other girls, from their father†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (62-63) The girls looked the same as always so obviously their emotional states also were the same. In the previous paragraph, Mary Lisbon’s former best friend confesses to ignoring her after Cecilia’s death because Mary â€Å"freaked her out.† Nobody makes any real effort to talk to the girls. One of the boys, Mike Orriyo tries, to speak to Mary and fails because he doesn’t know what to say. The girls are isolated, but they are not isolating themselves. Lux is the only one who talks to a lot of other students and, as one of her lovers puts it, â€Å"We weren’t exactly talking if you know what I mean.† This urgency for everything to remain as is, and attempting to achieve it by ignoring and isolating a grieving family once again relates back to the limits of consciousness. The community values its’ own preservation above helping and thus, unlike the boys, actively avoids stretching the limits or trying to understand what is happening to the sisters. They see a situation, and that it is a difficult one, and that connecting to someone who’s sister has died is challenging so they give up. It â€Å"freaks them out† too much. However, beneath the urgency to do nothing, lies the urgency to do anything. One gets a sense that the community does desire to do something, but since they can’t abide change, their efforts only further isolate the family the removal of the fence, the leaf raking. the Day of Grieving. If we are limited, then why should we connect at all? We will do anything at all to make you feel better, so long as we don’t have to understand why you are this way. It’s clear that these limits of consciousness both that of the community and of the boys contribute to the demise of the Lisbon sisters. In the fourth chapter, it’s clear that the situation that the girls are in is dire. The house is literally shrouded in darkness by the pure will of Mrs. Lisbon and is completely dilapidated. Lux’s rooftop lovemaking is a cry for help, a performance. Earlier in the novel, right after Cecilia dies, the boys congregate on Chase Buell’s rooftop where they hear the sounds of Detroit. â€Å"Sounds we usually couldn’t hear reached us now that we were up high, and crouching on the tarred shingles, resting chins in hands, we made out, faintly, an indecipherable backward-playing tape of city life, cries and shouts, the barking of a chained dog, car horns, the voices of girls calling out numbers in an obscure tenacious game—sounds of the impoverished city we never visited, all mixed and muted, without sense, carried on a wind from that place. [†¦] One by one, we all went home.† (31) Perhaps, in this story, rooftops represent the truth. Above the decaying suburb, above the refusal to die, above it all, the truth of the world that these characters live in is easily seen their city is in decline and many people of a different race and class live closer than they would like to think. Above the dying neighborhood, Lux Lisbo n is in pain. But they don’t think about the city they go home. And they aren’t concerned for Lux at all she’s a goddess who teaches them how to have sex. It becomes clear that everything to do with the Lisbons secretes death. The girls are starving. The house is rotting. The family members start to get described like they are already dead, like zombies: Mary obsession with makeup and â€Å"keeping up appearances† only exaggerates her decay, Lux’s rib-cage protrudes, Mr. Lisbon goes to work with â€Å"fake smiles† and â€Å"no longer fortifying himself with a cup of coffee† and eventually resigns from the school, Bonnie is â€Å"visibly wasting away,† wears a smock made of chicken feathers and prays at the site of Cecilia’s death. The house literally begins to invade the neighborhood with the smell of rotting flesh. Nobody will even touch the house anymore. And this is the awful thing nobody will touch the house. Nobody will talk to Mr. Lisbon. Nobody tries. Nobody tried. People develop theories, but nobody expresses the emotion and shock that the tragic sequence of events deserves, nobody exc ept for Old Mrs. Karafilis, who in just two words speaks for the reader and says the only thing that is accurate in the entire book: â€Å"Holy shit!† She also summarizes what is wrong with the community: â€Å"What my yia-yia could never understand about America was why everyone pretended to be happy all the time.† (169) It’s the pretending that things are okay, the preservation of perfection, the refusal and inability to understand due to the limits of consciousness this is what killed the Lisbon girls. In the title and introduction of this essay, I described the book as â€Å"the dying who refuse to bury the dead† and this is why the cemetery workers’ strike is so important. Throughout the book, the cemetery worker’s strike is mentioned four times. The first time is in Chapter One, when the local newspaper won’t give a spot to Cecilia’s suicide attempt, and instead gives it to the cemetery workers’ strike. The secon d time is after Cecilia dies: â€Å"The cemetery workers’ strike hit its sixth week the day she died. Nobody had given much thought to the strike, nor to the cemetery workers’ grievances, because most of us had never been to a cemetery. Occasionally we heard gunshots coming from the ghetto, but our fathers insisted it was only cars backfiring.† (32) The third time is in Chapter Three and as the disrepair of the house attracts reporters, the local paper again refuses to cover it opting again for the cemetery strike. The last time is when Mary finally dies, which is also the day that the strike ends and the cemeteries are overflowing with the dead who have been waiting for months to be buried, â€Å"[o]n the Chrysler Freeway one truck got into an accident, flipping over, and the front page of the newspaper ran a photo showing metal caskets spilling from the truck like ingots. † (233) This is not a story of sisters dying. This is a story of a community dying . Of a city dying. Of a lifestyle dying. Of a dream dying. This perfect, sunny suburb is laden with death and everyone knows it. But they can’t admit it. Their world is changing and instead of adapting, they feel the need to preserve themselves, preserve their bubble. This preservation is crystallization yes the community looks intact, but it’s frozen, it cannot move on, and like crystal it’s destined to crumble. When Cecilia dies, the response of the town seems apathetic and judgemental, because it is. Most people send meaningless bunches of flowers and hollow sympathy cards but won’t actually talk to the family. They get obsessed with the fence: â€Å"‘It was an accident waiting to happen,’ said Mr. Frank, who worked in insurance. ‘You couldn’t get a policy to cover it.’ ‘Our kids could jump on it, too,’ Mrs. Zaretti insisted during coffee hour following Sunday Mass. † (50) They spend a whole day removing this fence (or getting someone else to remove it), but neglect to think that their own homes have fences too, that they live among blocks and blocks of suburban homes, each with identical fences. They want to isolate this issue of death because if it is not isolated, then maybe it will spread, maybe we already have it but let’s not think about that. Later, death is actually talked about like a disease, â€Å"Her suicide, [ ] was seen as a kind of disease infecting those close at hand. In the bathtub, cooking in the broth of her own blood, Cecilia had released an airborne virus which the other girls, even in coming to save her, had contracted. No one cared how Cecilia had caught the virus in the first place. Transmission became explanation. † (152 153) It is in this lense, that people stop touching the house, that they stop acknowledging it, refuse to go near it. They don’t want to catch the disease. The initial reaction seems apathetic and judgemental, but in truth it is a reaction of great fear. All of the things that we pretend don’t happen, are happening in our backyard. Oh god. By the time that the cemetery workers’ strike is over, the city is literally overflowing with death. It has been bubbling under the surface, and was ignored until it couldn’t be ignored anymore. It’s not just the Lisbons in decay. It’s the whole city. Trees in this book are a symbol of suburbia. A symbol of protection. And as the novel progresses more and more of them are cut down and this peaks after the Lisbon house gets renovated and the neighborhood goes from slow decay to rapid decay. People die, they move away. The boys become men and they still can’t stop thinking about the Lisbons, still can’t get away from the night that they followed their fantasies to corpses. That which was ignored, simply collapsed after too long, just like caskets piling up on the freeway. Concluding, The Virgin Suicides is a rich, melancholy text that explores the limits of consciousness and the nature of decay. It beautifully illustrates a community in denial and their reaction to tragedy. It explores adolescent obsession and the inability to move beyond one’s own mind to empathize with another. The pages drip with death; the characters pretend that they don’t.Our world is dying and I will never understand you.

Effects of Increasing Minimum Wage Essay - 988 Words

The idea of having a federal minimum wage is a good one. The idea is to protect low and unskilled workers from discrimination and allow all workers to earn a living wage. The recent debate on the floor, though, is whether or not to raise the minimum wage from the current $7.25 per hour up to $10.10 per hour. President Barack Obama made this proposal during his annual State of the Union Address on January 28, and following this there were many hot debates about it. The debates focused not only on the advantages and the disadvantages of increasing the minimum wage, but also the alternatives to increasing it. There are many advantages to increasing the minimum wage, most of which are simple enough to understand, and make someone think that†¦show more content†¦Moving along the list of advantages, increasing the minimum wage will also increase the amount of money workers have, which, in turn, will inspire them to increase their consumption and pump their extra money into the economy. If workers have more money going into their pockets from increased wages, the income effect comes into play, and provides an incentive to go out into the market and buy goods and services. In an article printed by The New York Times, it was also pointed out that raising the minimum wage would decrease labor turnover. This is because if workers are paid more, they have less incentive to leave their current job and seek a higher paying job. Another argument for raising the minimum wage is that almost half of the states in the nation already have minimum wage rates that are higher than the federal minimum wage. This includes states with fairly large populations, like California and New York. Because the states that would be affected by raising the minimum wage generally have lower populations than those who would not be affected, the percentage of people who would gain is smaller, and the number of company’s who would suffer would also be smaller. If raising the minimum wage would affect at little less than half of the states, and mostly only states with lower comparative populations, then why not raise it? As for everything in life, for every advantage there is a disadvantage, and this holdsShow MoreRelatedEffects of Increasing Minimum Wage794 Words   |  3 Pagesa federal minimum wage is a good one. The idea is to protect low and unskilled workers and allow workers to earn a living wage. The recent debate on the floor, though, is whether or not to raise the minimum wage from the current $7.25 per hour up to $10.10. President Barack Obama made this proposal during his annual State of the Union Address, and after this there were many hot debates about it. 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This wage is regulated by the law, so allRead MoreDoes the Minimum Wage Increase the Standard of Living for Low-Income People?1391 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States has maintained a minimum wage which was enacted since 1938. At the present time there is much political debate in regarding to increase the minimum wage to levels at the federal level, state, and local levels of government across this country. There are various theories regarding the minimum wage. Some believe it would circulate money into the economy faster which would negate and negative effects on employment, or even improve unemployment rates. Others point to the economic theoryRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage960 Words   |  4 Pagesculture, country, or type of job believe that increasing the minimum wage would solve individual financial problems. It is important to know that this subject is not a black-and-white problem and can not be answe red by a simple yes or a no answer. This article will be focusing on the minimum wage in America. Furthermore, we are focusing on the State s minimum wage rather the Federal minimum wage. It is important to understand that the state s minimum wage is different than the Federal. In some statesRead MorePros And Cons Of Raising The Minimum Wage1122 Words   |  5 PagesSince 2009, the federal minimum wage rate for employees has been $7.25 per hour. In retrospect, this is hardly enough pay to take care of one’s self-- let alone a family with children. If a person were to add up the average cost of living for one week and then compare it to the average amount of money earned in minimum wage for that week, it would be apparent that there is little to no extra money for emergency situations. Increasing the minimum wage has been a major controversial issue; DemocratsRead MoreMinimum Wage Raise in Seattle800 Words   |  4 PagesMinimum Wage Raise in Seattle After the protest in New York City, the issue of raising the minimum wage has come up once again. Seattle is spearheading this cause with a proposal of raising the minimum wage to $15 per hour. This will help minimum wage workers a great deal by increasing their income. However, there are concern that this move could hurt certain businesses, which can lead to higher unemployment and contraction of the economy. The ethical issue surfaced as this will benefit some atRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Minimum Wage In Taiwan1541 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Nowadays, minimum wage is very important for workers in this world. In addition, minimum wage is also a core element of public policy in lots of countries. For example, minimum wage has become a hot topic in Taiwan recently. The Taiwanese complained that the working hours are too long, and the wages are too low. Because of that reason, workers in Taiwan have come forward to protest this policy. Therefore, according to this example, minimum wage has become an issue that cannot be ignoredRead MoreMinimum Wage Should Be Increased1057 Words   |  5 PagesRebecca Nevins Meredith Sides English 101 16 November 2015 Minimum Wage Should Be Increased Congress enacted the federal minimum wage in 1938, during the Great Depression. Congress had two goals; keeping workers away from poverty and boosting consumer spending for economic recovery. Today, there is a debate, whether we should increase the minimum wage again. Increasing the minimum wage is useful for several reasons. First, the current minimum wage has failed to keep up with inflation. Second, a higher

Essay about The Association of Maternal Bonds and Identity...

Toni Morrison’s novel, Beloved, is a â€Å"haunting stray of a mother’s love that frames a series of irrelated love stories by multiple narrators† (Bell 61). The main character Sethe is a mother who fails to realize her children’s needs. She attempts to protect her children from the community amongst many other dangers such as slavery and love, however ultimately isolating them. Sethe’s character as well as actions confirms the â€Å"struggle and psychological trauma of slavery† (Napierkowski 35) from which she suffers. Shapes of almonds and depth â€Å"like two wells,†(9) Sethe’s eyes are â€Å"some sign to warn folks of what that emptiness held† (9). Sethe has yet to confront the absence of her mother, which reflects the idea that â€Å"one of the cruelest†¦show more content†¦Once escaping Sweet Home, Sethe births her daughter Denver on a river bank, goes to jail, and more. She finally arrives in Ohio at 12 4 Bluestone, a home that is later haunted by her deceased daughter. Still devoting all of her efforts to her children, Sethe attempts to save them from the physical, emotional, and spiritual trauma slavery causes by attempting to murder them. All of Sethe’s motives are out of love, however, â€Å"for a used-to-be slave woman to love anything that much was dangerous† (45). Her love indirectly pushes her children into the world versus saving them from it. Her sons Buglar and Howard abandon the haunted house in hopes of escaping their past and the ghost. Because Sethe focuses on the past so much, it ruins her, and she doesn’t know who she really is. The return and presence of Beloved â€Å"forces Sethe to confront her past and thus reconcile her vision of herself† (Perkins 43). Critics and also Sethe describe Beloved as the â€Å"reincarnation† (Perkins 43) of her dead daughter. Symbolically Beloved is the epitome of pain and struggle from Setheâ₠¬â„¢s past. Ironically the ghost’s name is Beloved the same word engraved on the Sethe’s baby’s tombstone. Beloved is also the age Sethe’s daughter would be if she was alive (Napierkowski). Beloved is clueless as to why she is here or from where she came, however, she manages to ask Sethe questions that originate from her past like,Show MoreRelatedFactors Affecting Literature Teaching and Learning in Secondary Schools in Uganda19646 Words   |  79 Pagesbeen duly read and submitted for examination with the approval of my supervisor, Rev. Fr. Zzimbe Blaise Ssebizibu. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Rev. Fr. ZZIMBE BLAISE SSEBIZIBU (MA. ED) DATE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. DEDICATION To my beloved parents, Mr. Charles Mukasa Sseriiso, Mrs. Louise Mary Nnabbosa Sseriiso and Mr. Francis Xavier Kitaka whose simple Christian faith has always been my source of inspiration and empowerment. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My acknowledgments

Aaron Burr - Biography and the Duel with Hamilton

Aaron Burr is mostly remembered for a single violent act, the fatal shooting of Alexander Hamilton in their famous duel in New Jersey on July 11, 1804. But Burr was also involved in a number of other controversial episodes, including one of the most disputed elections in American history and a peculiar expedition to the western territories that resulted in Burr being tried for treason. Burr is a puzzling figure in history. He has often been portrayed as a scoundrel, a political manipulator, and a notorious womanizer. Yet during his long life Burr had many followers who considered him a brilliant thinker and a gifted politician. His considerable skills allowed him to prosper in a law practice, win a seat in the U.S. Senate, and nearly attain the presidency in a startling feat of deft political gamesmanship. After 200 years, Burr’s complicated life remains contradictory. Was he a villain, or simply a misunderstood victim of hardball politics? Early Life of Aaron Burr Burr was born in Newark, New Jersey, on February 6, 1756. His grandfather was Jonathan Edwards, a famous theologian of the colonial period, and his father was a minister. Young Aaron was precocious, and entered the College of New Jersey (present day Princeton University) at the age of 13. In the family tradition, Burr studied theology before becoming more interested in the study of law. Aaron Burr in the Revolutionary War When the American Revolution broke out, the young Burr obtained a letter of introduction to George Washington, and requested an officers commission in the Continental Army. Washington turned him down, but Burr enlisted in the Army anyway, and served with some distinction in a military expedition to Quebec, Canada. Burr did later serve on Washington’s staff. He was charming and intelligent, but clashed with Washington’s more reserved style. In ill health, Burr resigned his commission as a colonel in 1779, before the end of the Revolutionary War. He then turned his full attention to the study of the law. Burrs Personal Life As a young officer Burr began a romantic affair in 1777 with Theodosia Prevost, who was 10  years older than Burr and also married to a British officer. When her husband died in 1781, Burr married Theodosia. In 1783 they had a daughter, also named Theodosia, to whom Burr was very devoted. Burr’s wife died in 1794. Accusations always swirled that he was involved with a number of other women during his marriage. Early Political Career Burr began his law practice in Albany, New York before moving to New York City to practice law in 1783. He prospered in the city, and established numerous connections that would prove useful in his political career. In the 1790s Burr advanced in New York politics. During this period of tension between the ruling Federalists and the Jeffersonian Republicans, Burr tended not to align himself too much with either side. He was thus able to present himself as something of a compromise candidate. In 1791, Burr had won a seat in the U.S. Senate by defeating Philip Schuyler, a prominent New Yorker who happened to be the father in law of Alexander Hamilton. Burr and Hamilton had already been adversaries, but Burr’s victory in that election caused Hamilton to hate him. As a senator, Burr generally opposed the programs of Hamilton, who was serving as secretary of the treasury. Burrs Controversial Role in the Deadlocked Election of 1800 Burr was the running mate of Thomas Jefferson in the presidential election of 1800. Jefferson’s opponent was the incumbent president, John Adams. When the electoral vote produced a deadlock, the election had to be decided in the House of Representatives. In the prolonged balloting, Burr  utilized his considerable political skills and nearly pulled off the feat of bypassing Jefferson and gathering enough votes to win the presidency for himself. Jefferson finally won after days of balloting. And in accordance with the Constitution at the time, Jefferson became president and Burr became vice president. Jefferson thus had a vice president he didn’t trust, and he gave Burr virtually nothing to do in the job. Following the crisis, the Constitution was amended so the scenario of the 1800 election could not occur again. Burr was not nominated to run with Jefferson again in 1804. Aaron Burr and the Duel With Alexander Hamilton Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr had been conducting a feud since Burr’s election to the Senate more than 10  years earlier, but Hamilton’s attacks on Burr became more intense in early 1804. The bitterness reached its climax when Burr and Hamilton fought a duel. On the morning of July 11, 1804 the men rowed across the Hudson River from New York City to a dueling ground at Weehawken, New Jersey. Accounts of the actual duel have always differed, but the result was that both men fired their pistols. Hamilton’s shot did not strike Burr. Burrs shot struck Hamilton in the torso, inflicting a fatal wound. Hamilton was brought back to New York City and died the next day. Aaron Burr was portrayed as a villain. He fled and  actually went into hiding for a time, as he feared being charged with murder. Burrs Expedition to the West The once-promising political career of Aaron Burr had been stalled while he served as vice president, and the duel with Hamilton effectively ended any chance he may have had for political redemption. In 1805 and 1806 Burr plotted with others to create an empire consisting of the Mississippi Valley, Mexico, and much of the American West. The bizarre plan had little chance for success, and Burr was charged with treason against the United States. At a trial in Richmond, Virginia, which was presided over by Chief Justice John Marshall, Burr was acquitted. While a free man, his career was in ruins, and he moved to Europe for several years. Burr eventually returned to New York City and worked at a modest law practice. His beloved daughter Theodosia was lost in a shipwreck in 1813, which further depressed him. In financial ruin, he died on September 14, 1836, at the age of 80, while living with a relative on Staten Island in New York City. Portrait of Aaron Burr courtesy of New York Public Library Digital Collections.

How Does Embryonic Stem Cells Help Treat Patients With...

Introduction: According to the World Health Organisation, around the world, between 250,000 and 500,000 people suffer from spinal cord injuries. People living with these spinal cord injuries are said to be 40% more likely to die prematurely than those who do not suffer from these particular injuries. One possible treatment that can be applied is the use of embryonic stem cells to help treat patients with spinal cord injuries. Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs), as their name suggest, are derived from the inner cell mass from an early stage, pre-implantation embryo, known as a blastocyst, from eggs which have been fertilized via in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Once consent has been given by the host, these pluripotent stem cells are then cultured and donated for research purposes. The Human Embryonic Stem Cells, (hESCs) serve a multitude of purposes, ranging from growing synthetic organisms, treating degenerative disease and also repairing damaged tissue. The omnipotence of hESCs allows them to have t he potential to successfully treat spinal cord injuries by stimulation spinal cord neuronal regeneration. This method could be applied to save many patients lives as well as provide social and economic benefits. Consequently, however, the use of hESCs provides a highly controversial debate. Whilst this method may alleviate financial burdens of living with spinal cord injuries, the use of hESCs also arises many ethical issues concerning their use. Also, alternative solutions suchShow MoreRelatedStem Cell Research is a Vital Necessity for Medical Advances in America1373 Words   |  6 Pagesmeans allowing embryonic stem cell research, which has the potential to help 150 million Americans who suffer from serious or incurable diseases or disabilities† (Roleff 63). It is incredible how some of the smallest items like stem cells can have such a drastic impact on the world. Two types of these tiny cells are adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells. These stem cells are importan t and have unique opportunities. However, there are ethical issues with researching stem cells. NeverthelessRead MoreEmbryonic Stem Cell Research Could Help Out Many People1886 Words   |  8 Pages Embryonic stem cell research could help out many people and benefit from the research that they do on embryonic stem cells. There is a very big ethic problem when it comes to doing the research on the stem cells, but do you think that it is worth it? There are some pros and cons on the research on embryonic stem cells. There is many benefits to conducting research on the stem cells. They could use differentiated cells that could result to certain disease that require transplanting stem cellsRead MoreThe Debate Of Embryonic Stem Cell Research1292 Words   |  6 PagesEmbryonic stem cells research is the most debated type of stem cell research. The moral standings of embryonic stem cell research have been debated since the research started. The side against the research claims that it is wrong to value one’s life above another and that the elimination of the most basic form of life is murder. While the side supporting the research claims that the research could bring about the cure for many types of diseases and help save the lives of millions. Embryonic stemRead MoreStem Research On Stem Cell Research1747 Words   |  7 PagesNovember 2014 Stem Cell Research Stem cell research has cultivated a new, miraculous study in the health field. The study has led to an increase in curing diseases over the past couple of decades. Before stem cell research, diseases were destroying and devastating lives continuously on end. With the use of stem cells in modern time, diseases are no longer taking control of lives. The innovation in biomedical technology, such as stem cell research, has greatly impacted the understanding of how diseasesRead MoreIs Stem Cell Research Ethical?1252 Words   |  6 Pages Is Stem Cell Research Ethical? The question that has been asked so many times, is stem cell research ethical? To argue ethics over this topic, one must first know what a stem cell is.Stem Cells are â€Å"cells with the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and to give rise to specialized cells† (Stem Cell Basics: Introduction). The National Institutes of Health say that stem cells are distinguished for two different reasons. The first is â€Å"they are unspecialized cells capable of renewingRead MoreStem Research On Stem Cell Research1318 Words   |  6 Pagesknown as Stem Cell Research (SCR). Stem Cell Research is a relatively new field that has shown much promise to help deal with hundreds of different conditions and diseases. Though this astounding field holds the key to saving thousands of lives, there is a misguided ethical problem with Stem Cell Research raised by the church. The church only focuses on one aspect of harvesting stem cells when there is more than one way to get stem cells. This isn’t the only thing that is holding SCR back. Stem CellRead MoreThe Debate Over Stem Cells And Cloning1398 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Stem cells and cloning are very controversial today. There are debates and arguments about it all over the internet. The idea of stem cells is to use them to help cure and prevent diseases. You can use embryonic and adult stem cells. That’s one of the reasons people argue about it, because it kills the potential life of the embryo. [Stem Cells and Cloning] Stem cells and cloning is very controversial in today s society. Some people believe it’s not a good idea because it destroysRead MoreEssay on Human Embryonic Stem Cells 2138 Words   |  9 Pagesof a federal judge because of several issues that emerged with stem cell research being funded by the government. Although, the science of human embryonic stem cell is in its initial stages - there is much hope for scientific advancement due to the ability for human embryonic stem cells to grow into virtually various kinds of cells   Favorably, advocates for stem cell research and pharmaceutical companies strongly believe that stem cells may pave a way to discover new methods of treatment for devastatingRead More Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? Essay1557 Words   |  7 Pages Embryonic Stem Cell Research: How does it affect you? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Embryonic stem cell research is widely controversial in the scientific world. Issues on the ethics of Embryonic Stem (ES) cell research have created pandemonium in our society. The different views on this subject are well researched and supportive. The facts presented have the capability to support or possibly change the public’s perspective. This case study is based on facts and concernsRead MoreStem Cell Research : Stem Cells1999 Words   |  8 Pagespossibility. Despite some opinions, this process does not happen naturally, or take place as cinematically as one might imagine. Over the past decade, there have been major advances in regenerative medicine, commonly known as stem cell research. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells within the body that have the capability to specialize into any tissue. They are most commonly found in cord blood, bone marrow, organ donations, placenta, and embryos . Stem cells are seen by some as a new miracle treatment

Pearl Harbor Free Essays

The attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941. The attack was intended as a preventive action in order to keep the U. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Pearl Harbor or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pacific Fleet from interfering with military actions the Empire of Japan was planning in Southeast Asia against overseas territories of the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the United States. The base was attacked by Japanese fighters, bombers and torpedo planes in two waves, launched from six aircraft carriers. All eight U. S. Navy battleships were damaged, with four being sunk. Of the eight damaged six were raised, repaired and returned to service later in the war. The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers, three destroyers, an anti-aircraft training ship, and one minelayer. 188 U. S. aircraft were destroyed; 2,402 Americans were killed and 1,282 wounded. The power station, shipyard, maintenance, and fuel and torpedo storage facilities, as well as the submarine piers and headquarters building were not attacked. The attack came as a profound shock to the American people and led directly to the American entry into World War II in both the Pacific and European theaters. The following day, the United States declared war on Japan. There were numerous historical examples for unannounced military action by Japan. However, the lack of any formal warning, particularly while negotiations were still apparently ongoing, led President Franklin D. Roosevelt to proclaim December 7, 1941, â€Å"a date which will live in infamy†. How to cite Pearl Harbor, Papers Pearl Harbor Free Essays When it comes down to major events in our countries history such as the attack Pearl Harbor, the acting cast should have put more heart into their characters to put the movie over the top. Throughout the movie, Pearl Harbor, the whole story revolves around the main characters of Rafe McCawley (Ben Affleck), Daniel â€Å"Danny† Walker (Josh Hartnett) and Nurse Evelyn Johnson (Kate Beckinsale). When it came down to those three characters in the movie, Pearl Harbor, the character development could have been portrayed very differently considering what this event did to the country. We will write a custom essay sample on Pearl Harbor or any similar topic only for you Order Now All of the acting in this moving seemed as if it was half-hearted and could have been done a lot better. The movie Pearl Harbor is directed by Michael Bay, also with the help of Jerry Bruckheimer and Randall Wallace. The main cast now a days is a very popular group of people. The names of Ben Affleck, Josh Hartnett, Kate Beckinsale, Alex Baldwin (Major Jimmy Doolittle) and Cuba Gooding Jr. (Petty Officer 2nd Class, Dorie Miller) are the main actors/actress in this movie. The purpose of this movie was to show the story of what happened on December 7, 1941 on the islands of Hawaii. Mostly throughout the movie it was based on the love triangle that occluded between Affleck, Hartnett and Beckinsale. It is kind of a drag to a movie that is supposed to be about the bravery and courage that USA managed to still have after one of the most tragic events ever took place against them. From a character stand point, it could have been acted differently to make up for the fact the movie wasn’t about the details of the war as much as you would expect it to be. Rafe McCawley (Affleck) was always there to protect Danny from all the trouble that he encounters throughout his life. It all started at the beginning of the movie when Danny’s Father hits Danny, Rafe hits his Danny’s Father over the back, which shows right away that he is there to protect him. This is a characteristic that was learned right away about Rafe and how he is when it comes to his best friend. Rafe is a cocky fighter pilot that is in the Army at the time, with his best friend, Danny. Everything about Rafe is either him being cocky when it comes to his flying skills or else being over protective of Danny. When it came to his character it should have een better played out where it was harder to find out what the character is all about, but in this case he was easy to figure out which made the character kind of plain and dull. When it came to emotional scenes, Rafe would not look as emotional as he should when he gets the news he does, the only time he really showed true emotion is when he couldn’t protect Danny, but even then he over acted it. Personally there could have been a few ways Rafe could have showed his emotions differently. For example when he returned from his duties over in Europe, Danny had taken the place of him in Evelyn’s heart. When he returned he found out about this and the way he took it was not the way you would expect it to be handled when a person is in a crisis like this. He kind of just shrugs it off and kind movies on as if it doesn’t affect him. A person now a day would act completely different. They would be very mad at his friend and would have completely disowned his friend and the girl. Not only would that happen the person that would be in Rafe’s shoes would also be most likely be emotionally scared and hurt, not just be able to forget about it and move on with them in his life still. When it came down to Rafe in the movie Pearl Harbor he could have showed more heart and emotion when it came to his character in this movie. Daniel â€Å"Danny† Walker is also an amazing fighter pilot who was Rafe’s wingman. He was always looked at by Rafe as his younger brother and was always being protected from him. He would always want to be there to help out and look out for Rafe as well. When Rafe was over in Europe Danny began to fall for Evelyn, who was at the time Rafe’s girlfriend. He was the caring, sweet character between the two pilots. Just like Rafe, Danny was also a character who was not well developed because he was also very easy to read what kind of person he was. Danny was too sensitive for what his character actually does in this movie. The way he is portrayed in this movie, he would do anything to keep peace and happiness with close people in his life. But the twist was he went for his best friend’s girlfriend and fell in love with her. If he really was as sensitive as he showed while acting, a person like that would truly not do that to their friend. The acting was basically all Hollywood to try to add some extra effects to the movie when what actually happened didn’t fit the way the character acted all movie long. You cannot blame the reason for this on Josh Hartnett, it has to do with the directing and them telling Hartnett how he should perform during these situations. Evelyn Johnson (Kate Beckinsale) was a nurse that fell madly in love over the charm Rafe had at the medical examinations. Evelyn and Rafe were both stationed in the same location until she was stationed in Pearl Harbor in Hawaii and Rafe was going over to Europe. She showed her emotions and love for Rafe through notes they would write back and forth. Evelyn, while she was separated from Rafe, in Hawaii got some unwanted news from Danny. After that the two of them started to have a romance between them. When Rafe came back from Europe he was stationed in Hawaii to reunite with his girlfriend and best friend. But that’s when everyone finds out what kind of person Evelyn was. Towards the beginning of the movie she is â€Å"madly in love† with Rafe and all of a sudden after she gets some news, her heart has a change of ways and is going for Rafe’s best friend, Danny. You can understand people have a change of heart and cannot wait around forever, but for a person to stop loving someone and go for their best friend is just something that doesn’t happen too often, especially after the way she shows her affection towards the two men. Once again it was a Hollywood set up to make the movie have more drama to it. They basically added her emotions and this part of the story to the movie to add more length and storyline to it. If these scenes were taken out of the movie, the plot would be a little different but would still have the same concept, also would be a better historical movie rather than a drama movie. When it came to a movie such as Pearl Harbor where this event scared the humanity of America, the movie should have been more focused on the issue it is title after, rather than the love romance that happened between the characters. This movie is a great movie, but if it were to take out the sappy romance or at least have the actors and actress put a little more effort and more timely emotions into the picture it would have made this movie even better. When it comes down to the character development, it made this movie only a good movie compared to the potential to be an excellent movie. How to cite Pearl Harbor, Essay examples

Global Marketing for Knowledge and Learning -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theGlobal Marketing for Knowledge and Learning. Answer: Globalization in terms of the IKEAs marketing strategy In the current global scenario, there are mainly two types of strategies being practiced by the organizations. They are product standardization and product adaptation. Majority of the global business organizations practice one type of global strategies. However, in the case of IKEA, they practice both type of strategies. According to the reports, IKEA is having product standardization strategy in the European regions and product adaptation strategy in the American market. Thus, in terms of the IKEAs marketing strategies, globalization is not having extensive impact on their business operation (Twarowska Kakol, 2013). This is due to the reason that, according to the key concept of the globalization, IKEA should have standardized products for all the markets around the world. Thus, globalization is not being able to unify the taste and preference pattern of the customers from different regions. However, it can also be concluded that globalization is having partial impact on the business operation of IKEA. This is due to the reason that due to the initiation of the globalization, IKEA is being able to have their market presence in different regions around the world (Cunningham Ferrell, 2015). Moreover, the price level of the products of IKEA is in similar level across every country. Thus, this is being made possible due to the globalization. This is due to the reason that, globalization helped in having free trade between different countries and having less barriers for the business organizations to enter in the foreign countries. Therefore, it can be concluded that, globalization is having partial impact on the global business strategies. Regards Cunningham, M. P., Ferrell, O. C. (2015). Marketings Greatest Challenge: The Social Impact of the Globalization of Markets. InProceedings of the 1989 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 231-234). Springer, Cham. Twarowska, K., K?kol, M. (2013). International Business Strategy-reasons and forms of expansion into foreign markets. In Management, knowledge and learning International conference(pp. p1005-1011).

Space Saving Furniture

Question: Discuss about theSpace Saving Furniture. Answer: Introduction Furniture occupies an important place of every residential and commercial environment. It is carried forward as a standard to display the self-expression in built form. It reflects an individual desires and hopes which provides a healthier chance to represent ones expression. While it is difficult for an individual to buy a house of their own choice but furniture gives a chance to reflect self image through better options and various desired result. It is often described as a challenging task to choose a piece of furniture due to its long life cycle and bulky nature (Abdelnour 2009). Space Saving Furniture uses less space and helps in providing multiple functions. Presently it has a large market in the urbanized cities because they have a large population and a large gap in between the sizes of the apartments. Urbanization has affected the lifestyle of the people largely. Presently designers are finding furnitures that can utilize the hidden spaces. People are looking for furniture that can be utilized for more than one thing. Its about being imaginative, and pursuing your dream no matter how small is your place. These characteristics has helped in development of Space Saving Furniture (Astonkar 2015) Furniture holds an emotional value in ones life as he chooses the best which can satisfy his desires pertaining to furniture. More often people choose furniture that satisfies his/her general requirements. Modern generation express their thought through home dcor. Its very difficult to find a house of own choice but furniture helps in shaping the thoughts of the user. Its common man dream to own a big house but in a realistic situation it is very difficult to buy one looking after the present market condition. In such a situation it is recommended to buy a small space to accomplish dreams through small size furniture (Xue 2016). They are considered to be modern age furniture looking after the current market situation. There is lack of space due to urbanization which has affected each individual. Furniture reflects the direct aspiration of an individual. Arrangement offurniturereflectsthe personality of a person, His way of living life and standard of living. Interiors andfurnitureare not only attractive spaces and stuff but a necessary part of the human needs andaspirations (Margarita 2016). Interior andfurnituredesign has adirect relation with the social, economic, and cultural aspect of an individual life. They reflect the mental status of an individual. There is a complex relation in between the lifestyle of an individual and furniture choice (Xie 2016) This furniture is designed on the concept that furnitures require two forms of appearance and functions. Space Saving Furniture has both an ordinary and transformed appearance. A simple example is the transformation of a sofa into a bed for guests or for kids in case of less residential space. This saves a lot of owner time and money. At present there are different kinds of space saving furnitures that can be utilized differently by the users. There are varieties of furniture like coffee table that can be converted into dining table, bookshelves that can be converted in beds. Space Saving Furniture is a revolution and transformation in the furniture industry. It has gained lot of popularity in recent years as this furniture does not dig the pockets of the buyers. People with a small budget find transformable furniture as an only option. Most of the people who are residing in large cities are either young people or new employees. They have insufficient fund to pay the rent for a large -sized apartment with fancy furniture. The transformable furniture helps both financially and mechanically. The market has multiple range of space saving furniture which matches the customers choices. There are variety of space saving beds and sofas and other furniture as they are the most frequently used equipment. These type of furniture helps in conserving the room space (Truong 2013). Space saving beds is divided into two categories: regular bed and the bunk bed. A regular sized bed can be used as a book shelf. The portion has a capacity to be transformed into a bed. The bed can be shaped according to the request of the buyers. At times the user can employ desk as his work place and can use it as a queen sized bed. One of the important features of Space Saving Furniture is that users do not have to move a single piece of furniture. These designs help the users to utilize the furniture efficiently. These designs are useful for small apartment with limited space (Crow2 015). Bunk beds are designed majorly for the school dormitories or a family with more than one kid. The two sets of bed are formed with a ladder. When not in use the space can be incorporated as a frame to be used to play. The ladder can be kept folded on the top of the bed. It is very easy to open out so that kids can do it by themselves. It is good options for those families where children do not have his/her own room (Chen 2015). A table can be used to meet multiple requirements. It can be extended as per the requirements. It helps in saving the space available in small apartments. A dining table can be used as a billiard table. This helps in meeting the multiple requirements with a less space residential spaces. The space saving chairs has become popular in the recent times. They are used to meet the multiple purposes of the users. These chairs can be easily assembled and taken apart. These chairs can be assembled by fitting different parts together and are economic. The design of spac e saving furniture does not make them transformable but an aesthetic piece which resemble an art. They hold lot of potential than the other type of furniture as they possess a scope of innovation. There is a special requirement of the special hardware while using transformable space saving furniture. They are different from the regular furniture because of different hardware implication. The main function of special hardware is to ensure smooth movement of the furniture. There are different types of hardware that are used as per the furniture design. These systems ensure the safety of the users. The handles are then automatically locked which helps in smooth functioning of the furniture. The sliding system is used in transformable table. The tables are available in variety of designs to extend and pull back. The designers assemble various sliding system to ensure smooth functioning of the table (Transforming furniture 2016). Utilizing customized space saving furniture saves space and fits the layout of the apartment in an easy manner. Transformable space saving furniture solves variety of functions in a passive house designs. Moveable walls, structure, beds, sofas, table, kitchenware, television etc helps in conserving the space and energy. The main purpose to introduce such designs is to save energy and utilize the space efficiently. All the items available in the house can be used adequately within a limited space. Transformable space saving furniture plays a pivotal role in energy saving houses. They help in designing the smallest part in an efficient manner which can be utilized to save resources. Two different rooms can be converted into one large size room. These designs are very useful in cities with very less space. They offer a significant opportunity to develop within the limited resources and save cost. There are a few companies which design transformable space saving furniture. These products are still unknown to a significant size of population. There are few designers who are selling space saving furniture who are selling furniture at a very high price. The huge price difference in between the normal and Space Saving Furniture is posing difficulty for their success (Lockton 2016). The most important areas of an individual space are his Living room. It is the first space visible to all guests. It defines individual taste and preferences his lifestyle and choices. It is unquestionably the liveliest place of the house. It is the place where all family members get together for everyday conversation. The space is extensively used to entertain visitors and guests (The Relationship between Designing Furniture and Designing Buildings 2016). Different mechanism helps in making a living room and other furniture keeping the family and visitors in mind. People are trying to make the most attractive area of the house and consequently a trendy place to get together. Urbanization in the recent time has affected the market needs largely. There is a very quick growth in the countries like China, USA and even in other developing countries. More people have a tendency to move to big cities in search of employment. There is an ample of opportunity for the space saving furniture to expand in the growing market. The purchasing power of the buyers directly affects the need of transformable space saving furniture. The price of the furniture lies in between $ 2000 to $ 24,000 US dollars. The target market should be the highly populated city. Population of the city affects the average living area. Smaller the living area higher will be the requirement of space saving furniture (Wang 2013). The furniture market is very difficult to analyze. The market trends in furniture industry are difficult to be recorded. It is because the market is disunited and requires special attention. The current market share of small furniture is more than 50 percent. However emergence of big name in the furniture industry may lead to significant growth in coming years. The furniture industry is facing multiple challenges due to market fluctuations. There is a gentler housing market which is causing a decline in the investment in most of the countries. The furniture market is facing a harsh competition from other retail stores. Economic recession in most of the country is causing a decline in the demand of furniture (Dazkir 2015). Physical environment has influenced the interaction among the people residing in it. Primarily it involves accessibility of communication and the psychological and social interaction among the people. Physical distance is a main determinant of social pressure. The mental condition of an individual depicts his/her choices and reaction towards the surroundings. These studies have shown that there is a direct relationship in between the individual needs and physical environment. They are interconnected with each other. The physical environment directly depends upon the quality of social interaction (Brand 2009). The consequence of nonverbal indications is reflected in the way a person behaves. The barrier of non- verbal indication may reduce the efficiency. Furniture can maintain and hearten social interaction among the people. Its arrangement removes obstacles between and among people. The most unfriendly arrangement of furniture reduces the overall productivity. A study shows that if furniture is rightly placed at workplace it helps in increasing the productivity (Pilar 2006). To make the most of group exchange, furniture should provide no indications to relative status within the group. Furniture need to be kept in a manner it allow open configuration, fundamentally in person orientations with every other member of the group. This encourages social dealings in an easy manner which helps in increasing the overall productivity. At macro-level an effective communication can be learned by a methodical study of task and skill management requirements. Self-organizing systems and contemporary offices can produce developing occurrence that depend significantly on original circumstances (Benton 1990) Space Saving Furniture has a scope to expand in the coming years due to urbanization. Big cities are facing critical issue with the space. They have very little space to accommodate everything effectively. Under such a circumstance it is recommended to utilize furniture which has multiple dimensions. Big cities are facing this problem on a regular basis. Big furniture houses are diversifying the industry by expanding their functions into this market. Market study is recommended to analyze the growing trend which has emerged in the market in the recent years. Good furniture holds aspiration of an individual, depicts his lifestyle. Present market exhibit growing changes that have affected an individual largely. Those who are residing in large cities are either young or new employees. They have insufficient fund to pay the rent for a large-sized apartment with fancy furniture. In that case space saving furniture serves the multiple purposes. References The Relationship between Designing Furniture and Designing Buildings. bDot Architecture, Inc, Accessed November 10, 2016, https://bdota.com/relationship-designing-furniture-designing-buildings/ Transforming furniture, Resource Furniture, Accessed November 10, 2016https://resourcefurniture.com/product-category/product-collections/transforming-furniture/ Abdelnour, Christine Brun.. Small Space Living. (Atglen, Schiffer Pub. Ltd. 2009) Astonkar Dhiraj and Kherde Sanjay, Development in various multipurpose furnitures by using space saving approach. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET). Volume: 02 Issue: 06 ,Sep-2015 Benton, Charlotte. "Le Corbusier: furniture and the interior." Journal of Design History 3, no. 2-3 (1990): 103-124. Brand, Jay L. "Physical Space and Social Interaction." Haworth 5 (2009): 2. Chen, Mengyao, and Zhongfeng Zhang. "Material in Furniture Emotion Design Expression Way." IJEIR 4, no. 5 (2015): 746-748. Crow, Michael. Mid-Century Modern Furniture: Shop Drawings Techniques for Making 29 Projects. " F+ W Media, Inc.", 2015. Dazkir, Sibel S., and Marilyn A. Read. "Furniture forms and their influence on our emotional responses toward interior environments." Environment and Behavior (2011) Lockton Dan. Architecture, urbanism, design and behaviour: a brief review, Accessed November 10, 2016 https://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2011/09/12/architecture-urbanism-design-and-behaviour-a-brief-review/ Margarita. Clever Space Saving Ideas for Small Room Layouts, Accessed November 10, 2016,https://www.digsdigs.com/clever-space-saving-ideas-for-small-room-layouts/ Pilar Del Real, Oscar Tomico, Luis Pons, Joaquim Lloveras. Designing urban furniture through users appropriation experience: teaching social interaction design. Engineering and product design education conference7-8 September 2006, Salzburg University of applied sciences, Salzburg, Austria Truong, A. "Todays Most Innovative Company: IKEA Uses Augmented Reality to Show How Furniture Fits in a Room."Fast Company26 (2013) Wang Shiyao. An analysis of transformable space saving furniture. The University of British Columbia, Accessed November 10, 2016,https://open.library.ubc.ca/cIRcle/collections/undergraduateresearch/52966/items/1.0103142 Xie, Yi. "Chinese bench: a research on multi-function furniture design." (2016). Xue, Ruizhu, and Hongsheng Zhao. "Modifying Ways of Modern Local Furniture Design to The Ming-style Circle Chairs." In MATEC Web of Conferences, vol. 70, p. 05007. EDP Sciences, 2016.